Relations Between Beliefs, Attitudes and Mental Health in Elderly People During the covid-19 Pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20435/pssa.v13i1.1381Keywords:
elderly, depression, resilience, social isolation, coronavirusAbstract
Research problem: Elderly’s mental health is at risk during covid-19 pandemic. Sample’s characteristics: 384 elderly people who are Internet users. Instruments: questionnaire to access sociodemographic data and beliefs/attitudes about covid-19, PHQ-2 to evaluate depression, UCLA-BR short version to evaluate loneliness, Social Support Scale, and the Brief Resilience Scale. Procedure: participants answered an online survey in order to investigate frequencies and relations between mental health indicators and beliefs/attitudes about covid-19. Results: 15.1% showed positive screening for depression. Self-confidence for home isolation showed significant relations with lower frequency of leaving the house and better mental health. Worse mental health was associated to a stronger perception of covid-19 threat for health. Discussion: Self-confidence for home isolation and beliefs regarding covid-19 severity and vulnerability might be relevant psychological components to be target in interventions to ensure greater adherence to home isolation and better mental health.
References
Armitage, R., & Nellums, L. B. (2020). COVID-19 and the consequences of isolating the elderly. Lancet Public Health. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30061-X
Barroso, S. M., Andrade, V. S., Midgett, A. H., & Carvalho, R. G. N. (2016). Evidências de validade da Escala Brasileira de Solidão UCLA. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 65(1), 68-75. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000105
Batista, M. P. P., Souza, F. G., Schwartz, G., Exner, C., & Almeida, M. H. M. (2015). Utilização no cotidiano de tecnologias da informação e comunicação por idosos participantes da Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade da Universidade de São Paulo. Revista Kairós - Gerontologia, 18(4), 405-426. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2176-901X.2015v18i4p405-426
Borges, L. M., & Barletta, J. B. (2015). Teorias e modelos explicativos em prevenção e promoção da saúde orientados para o indivíduo e para a comunidade. In S. G. Murta, C. Leandro-França, K. B. dos Santos, Polejack, L. (Orgs), Prevenção e promoção em saúde mental: Fundamentos, planejamento e estratégias de intervenção (Cap. 5, pp. 113-149). Novo Hamburgo: Sinopsys.
Chagas, M. H. N., Crippa, J. A. S., Loureiro, S. R., Hallak, J. E. C., Meneses-Gaya, C. de, Machado-de-Sousa, J. P., . . . Tumas, V. (2011). Validity of the PHQ-2 for the screening of major depression in Parkinson's disease: Two questions and one important answer. Aging & Mental Health, 15(7), 838-843. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2011.569482
Deng, S. Q., & Peng, H. J. (2020). Characteristics of and Public health responses to the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in China. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(575), 1-10. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020575
Filgueiras, A., & Stults-Kolehmainen, M. (2020). The relationship between behavioural and psychosocial factors among Brazilians in quarantine due to COVID-19. SSRN Electronic Journals: The English & Commonwealth Law Abstracts Journal. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3566245
Frasquilho, D., Matos, M. G., Salonna, F., Guerreiro, D., Storti, C. C., Gaspar, T., Caldas-de-Almeida, J. M. (2016). Mental health outcomes in times of economic recession: A systematic literature review. BMC Public Health, 16(115), 1-40. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2720-y
Gaya, C. M. (2011). Estudo de validação de instrumentos de rastreamento para transtornos depressivos, abuso e dependência de álcool e tabaco (Tese, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 238 p.)
Huang, Y., & Zhao, N. (2020). Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: A web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Research, 288, 112954. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954
Lima-Costa, M. F. (2004). Influência da idade e da escolaridade no uso de serviços preventivos de saúde – Inquérito de Saúde da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde, 13(4). 209-215. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742004000400003
Liu, K., Chen, Y., Lin, R. & Han, K. (2020). Clinical feature of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients. Journal of Infection. 80(6), e14-e18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.005
Brasil. (2020). Ministério da Saúde. Protocolo de Manejo Clínico do Coronavírus (Covid-19) na atenção primária à saúde. Recuperado de https://www.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/marco/20/20200318-ProtocoloManejo-ver002.pdf
Neri, A. L., & Vieira, L. A. M. (2013). Envolvimento social e suporte social percebido na velhice. Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia, 16(3), 419-432. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1809-98232013000300002
Osório, F. L., Mendes, A. V., Crippa, J. A., & Loureiro, S. R. (2009). Study of the discriminative validity of the PHQ-9 and PHQ-2 in a sample of Brazilian women in the context of primary health care. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 45, 216-227. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6163.2009.00224.x
Qiu, J., Shen, B., Zhao, M., Wang, Z., Xie, B. & Xu, Y. (2020). A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: Implications and policy recommendations. General Psychiatry, 33, e100213corr1. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2020-100213corr1
Pierce, M., McManus, S., Jessop, C., John, A., Hotopf, M., Ford, T., . . . Abel, K. M. (2020). Says who? The significance of sampling in mental health surveys during COVID-19. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(7), 567-568. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/ S2215-0366(20)30237-6
Rosenstock, I. M., Stretcher, V. I., & Becker, M. H. (1988). Social learning theory and the Health Belief Model. Health Education Quarterly, 15(2), 175-183. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019818801500203
Rosenstock, I. M., Stretcher, V. I., & Becker, M. H. (1994). The Health Belief Model and the HIV risk behavior change. In R. J. DiClemente, & J. L. Peterson (Ed.), Preventing AIDS: Theories and methods of behavioural interventions (pp. 5-24). New York: Plenum Press.
Russell, D.; Peplau, L. A., & Cutrona, C. E. (1980), The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(3), 472-480. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.39.3.472
Sousa, N. F. S., Lima, M. G., Cesar, C. L. G., & Barros, M. B. A. (2018). Envelhecimento ativo: Prevalência e diferenças de gênero e idade em estudo de base populacional. Caderno de Saúde Pública, 34(11), e00173317, 1-14. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00173317
Smith, B. W., Dalen, J., Wiggins, K., Tooley, E., Christopher, P., & Bernard, J. (2008). The Brief Resilience Scale: Assessing the Ability to Bounce Back. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15(3), 194-200. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10705500802222972
Wilder-Smith, A., & Freedman, D. O. (2020). Isolation, quarantine, social distancing and community containment: Pivotal role for old-style public health measures in the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak. Journal of Travel Medicine,27(2), 1-4. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa020
World Health Organization. (2020a). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Situation report – 51. World Health Organization. Recuperado de https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200311-sitrep-51-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=1ba62e57_10
World Health Organization. (2020b). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Situation report – 143. World Health Organization. Recuperado de https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200611-covid-19-sitrep-143.pdf?sfvrsn=2adbe568_4
Zanon, C., Dellazzana-Zanon, L. L., Wechsler, S. M., Fabretti, R. R., & Rocha, K. N. (2020). COVID-19: Implicações e aplicações da Psicologia Positiva em tempos de pandemia. Estudos de Psicologia, 37(e200072), 1-13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0275202037e200072
Yang, Y., Li, W., Zhang, Q., Zhang, L., Cheung, T. & Xiang, Y. T. (2020). Mental health services for older adults in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet, 7(4), e19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30079-1
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The articles published on journal Psicologia e Saúde holds the copyrights of all texts published by it. Due to that, there is a demand for a letter of copyright cession (see Appreciation). The full reproduction of any article of this Journal in other publications, by any means, requires a written authorization of the Editorial Board. Partial reproductions of articles (abstracts, more than 500 words of text, tables, pictures and other illustrations, sound files) should have the written permission of the Editorial Board and the Authors.
.jpg){kind=small}
